Monday, December 30, 2019

Growing and Caring for Norfolk Island Pine

Araucaria heterophylla, or Norfolk Island pine or Australian pine, is a southern hemisphere conifer native to the Norfolk Islands and Australia. Technically, its not a real pine. Norfolk Island Pine is one of the few conifers able to adapt to inside the home and is able to tolerate relatively low light levels. In its native habitat, this tree may reach 200 feet in height with 15-pound cones. The tree will grow outside in the United States but only in the semi-tropics of Florida. Specifics Scientific name: Araucaria heterophyllaPronunciation: air-ah-KAIR-ee-uh het-er-oh-FILL-uhCommon name(s): Norfolk Island Pine, Australian PineFamily: AraucariaceaeUSDA hardiness zones: South tip of Florida and California, zone 11Origin: not native to North AmericaUses: specimen, house plantAvailability: generally available in many areas within its hardiness range - especially during Christmas holidays. Pruning As Norfolk pine grows upward, the trunk thickens and the pine limbs increase in size. You should never cut their growing tips off and only rarely trim side branches for balance. A symmetrical look can be maintained by turning the plant regularly toward the sun. The lower branches and limbs tend to shed dry, brown needles when dehydrated and need pruning. The dry needles will not come back nor will lower limbs. These drying needles and dying limbs suggest drying out so follow watering instructions. The only maintenance pruning to be done is the removal of dead lower branches. Comments From Experts Extension Nursery Specialist Dr. Leonard Perry: If you want to invest in a houseplant with a future, buy a Norfolk Island pine. It requires minimal care, and because it grows slowly will remain small and attractive for many years indoors. Horticulturist Rosie Lerner: The Norfolk Island pine has grown in popularity as a live indoor Christmas tree. Its lush green twigs of soft needles provide a lovely backdrop for festive holiday ornaments. Moisture Norfolk pines have distinctively flat, whorled snow-flake like branches and short soft needles. They enjoy humid environments. As they age, and with the lack of humidity, the needles along the trunk will fall off. Mist spraying and a rocky moisture bed can increase humidity but never leave moisture around the roots. Just like under-watering, too much water will result in sporadic bright yellow needle clusters that come off very easily and dont come back. Check to make sure the plant is not standing in lots of water. It is actually inhibiting root water uptake, increasing root rot and, like lack of moisture is not good. These plants do best with consistency so stay on a weekly watering schedule - not too much and not too little h2o. You can get by with less during the dormant winter months. Fertilization Norfolk Island pines dont require frequent fertilization but when you do, use only at half the normal recommended rate. You can also use any complete soluble fertilizer including liquid foliar plant food applied as a mist for enhanced foliage response. Fertilize older plants every three to four months and repotted or newly purchased plants every four to six months. Try to limit the times you move your tree to a  new container as they have a weak root system which can be harmed by rough movement.  Norfolk Island pines need only be repotted every three to four years using a commercially available potting mixture. Culture Light requirement: tree grows in full sunSoil tolerances: clay; loam; sand; acidic; alkaline; well-drainedDrought tolerance: highAerosol salt tolerance: moderateSoil salt tolerance: good In Depth Although Norfolk pines provide some shade, they are not suitable for patios or terraces because they are too large and large surface roots are common. Obviously, this only applies to people growing the tree in south Florida. For the rest of us, moving a potted tree outside to partially shaded sun through spring and summer is a good thing. Many people forget how tall these trees grow. They often have an attractive pyramidal form (like a fir or spruce tree) when they are small, but they quickly grow too tall for most residential sites. They can live as a houseplant for a long time if not over-watered but rarely grow more than 5 or 6 feet tall. Growing best in full sun locations, this tree thrives on a variety of soils and is moderately salt tolerant. Young plants should be watered well, especially during periods of drought. Be sure to prune out multiple trunks or leaders as they should be grown with one central leader.​​ Propagation is by seeds or cuttings of erect shoot tips only.

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Parental Influence on Children’s Talent Development- a...

Echo H. Wu Hong Kong Institute of Education This paper explores the influence of parenting beliefs and practices on children’s talent development through a specific perspective of several Chinese American families with gifted children. In-depth interviews were employed to collect data from the parents, and research questions focused on the daily practice of parenting and parents’ beliefs concerning how to nurture high achievement among children. Findings of this study include evidence of a sense of responsibility for parenting, a high level of confidence over their children’s future, and a mixed strategy of parenting that combines traditional Chinese parental expectations with an adopted Western notion of respect for a child’s own†¦show more content†¦e paper begins with a summary review of some major themes from traditional Chinese philosophy on learning and achieving and traditional views of the relationship between Chinese parenting styles and children’s out- Journal for the Education of the Gifted comes. Data from in-depth interviews collected from three Chinese American families are then presented with evidence of daily parenting practices. is is followed by an analysis of several major themes that emerged from the conversations. Implications will be discussed at the end of the paper. The rich, and in many ways unique, civilization of China, which developed through more than two thousand years of eventful history, owes more to the impress of Confucius’s personality and teaching than to any other single factor. (Smith, 1973, p. 9) roughout its history, China has been deeply in uenced by Confucian philosophy and practices, not the least in its theories of learning and achieving. One might well expect this in uence to appear in the parenting beliefs and practices of ethnic Chinese living in the U.S. and elsewhere today. For more than 2.5 millennia, Confucius (551–479 BC) has occupied a supreme place as the Great and Revered Teacher of the Chinese people. One of his key teachings was that of â€Å"Ren,† a word that conveys the notion of â€Å"a lifelong striving for any human being to become the most genuine, sincere, and humane person he or she can become† (Li, 2003, p. 146). 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Friday, December 13, 2019

Small Scale Business Management Free Essays

TABLE OF CONTENTS Â  EXECUTE SUMMARY This is a business expansion. The business name is Mcraj Arts Designs – catering and decoration busi. t started on 04 December 2010. We will write a custom essay sample on Small Scale Business Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was funded by Department of Youth on the 29th June 2010. When I started this project my aims was to make something that is unique in my place, I wanted to combine catering and decoration as I have registered at registration of companies, the project that I wanted to run was to hire tents with catering combined with a garden decorated for photos and video shooting. Unfortunately the finance that I got from the Department of Youth wasn’t enough for the project. In catering t be done during wedding, parties and funerals ceremonies because some customer they usually ask why is it not possible for me to cater for them with food also. And I will be catering for rallies, exhibitions, workshops and meetings because in my area when there are activities like workshops, rallies and exhibition they ask for catering of youth first. And in Kgalagadi north there is none existing business of youth for catering. I have also realise that in my area there is no resting place and where people can take photos and video shooting. Then I came up with an idea for a plot for photos and video shooting and sometimes. And sometimes people need to celebrate their weddings outside their place that’s is why I came with an idea of making a plot decorated for photo and video shooting, this will be not only for photos and video shooting and it will be for the customer who want celebrate their weddings and parties outside their place. In may market research, their some customer who need a place for resting with their friends and families. As for now I have been operating tent hire only. Since I have started this project I have realised that during festive season there is shortage of tents in areas because this festive I have more than four to five customers booking tent on the same date but I have only one tent. I have realise that I have to increase numbers of tents so as to cater for more events on the same date. According to income statement of my business from December 2010 up to December 2011 I have realize that the loss that I have is only for buying materials and transport as can see from attached documents. When I started the business the project was having full equipped materials especially dress lining for draping and decorations. My plans was to start saving for the project after I had full equipped material in the tent and also to buy small gazebos and jumping castles as my customer usually need then they hire the tent. The business was operating by the following organization and management structures. MANAGING DIRECTR {NONOFO SETLHOGILE} CLEANERS TENT PITCHERS TENT DECOTATORS NALEDI SETLHOGILE KEORAPETSE RAMOSESANE RAPELANG TSIENYANE KEOSIILE KARABOOTENG SEGOLE LETSHOLATHEBE MOHEME KEOBAKILE SEGOLE MOLEFI TSHIDI OBJECTIVE * To promote rural development and stimulate the provision of other services in remote areas of the country and also to reduce rural urban migration. * To lead other youth by example and encourage them to venture in to sustainable and viable income generating projects. * Generate employment mainly in rural areas and improve our standard of living. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE As the business will be expanding the structure will be as follows MANAGING DIRECTOR 1 SECRETARY ACCOUNTANT 1 1 CLEANERS TENT PITCHERS TENT DECOTATORS DRIVER 2 64 1 STOCK SUPPLY GROUNDS MAN COOKERS 1 24 OPERATIONAL PLAN The business will be providing tents for hire with catering and a garden decorated for photos and video shooting and the business will be operated by 23 employees as you can see from the organization plan. The managing director will be a decision maker, supervising the whole project to see if all work is done properly. The accountant will be doing records and booking keeping and also the employees payments. Secretary will be typing the projects minutes and hand – to – hand with the accountant. Cleaners will be cleaning storerooms, doing the laundry when there is a tender for tents hire, clean plates, glasses, cutlery, chafing dishes and bowls Tents pitchers will be washing tents before the events, also pitch tents during the events Tents decorators will be preparing decorations, lining for draping according to the colours of events and decorate during events. Driver will be transporting equipment wherever the events are, acting as messenger e. g checking mails at the post office and also transporting employees for caterings. Grounds men will watering, cleaning, cultivating, cutting trees and lawns and the garden plot. Cookers will be cooking food for events and acting as cashiers e. g weddings, parties, funerals, workshops, rallies, exhibitions, individuals e. t. c Stock supply will be supplying employees with equipment needed e,g books at the office, pins, cable ties, draping materials, decoration equipments for tents and count equipments like tables, chairs, cutlery, plates, chafing dishes, and glasses before and after the events to see if they are which is missing and also buy all materials that will be needed in the business. MARKET PLAN TARGET MARKET The business will be targeting wedding events, parties, funerals, meetings, workshop, rallies, exhibitions and individuals as the business will be offering combined services making wedding planning simpler and cheaper. Prices will be affordable with high quality services and good customer care. MARKET SIZE SALES FORECAST GOODS/SERVICES| YEAR SALES| UNIT PRICE(BWP)| TOTAL AMOUNT(BWP)| TENTS| 10 X 24m| 13| 19Â  500. 00| 253 500. 00| 9 X 18m| 15| 6Â  000. 00| 90 Â  000. 00| 7 x 15m| 17| 5Â  800. 00| 98 Â  600. 00| 9 x 9m| 30| 1Â  200. 00| 32Â  000. 00| CATERING| Breakfast| 550| 20. 00| 11Â  000. 00| Booking breakfast{placed orders}| 550| 25. 00| 13Â  750. 00| Tea break| 530| 20. 00| 10Â  600. 00| Booking tea break{placed orders}| 550| 25. 00| 13Â  750. 00| Lunch| 810| 25. 00| 20Â  250. 00| Booking lunch{placed orders}| 1400| 35. 00| 49Â  000. 00| Super| 540| 25. 00| 13Â  500. 00| Booking supper{placed orders}| 1300| 35. 00| 45Â  500. 00| GARDEN| Full day| 17| 3 500| 59Â  500. 00| Half day| 32| 2 500| 80Â  000. 00| TOTAL SALES REVENUE| 790Â  950. 00| COMPETITORS My competitors are: Tents * Itshome tent hire * Lokgwabe home base care tent hire * Mantle tents hire * Thati’s tents hire Catering * Itabeni guest house * welcome restaurant. Garden * I have none existing competitors for garden plot which be operated for resting, photos and video shooting MARKET SHARE: The price that I have for tent hire 9 x 18 m with chairs, rectangle tables, cutlery, plates, glasses, draping, carpets(green and red), stand and decorations catering for 200 people is BWP 6Â  000. 00 per event. Prices of my competitors are as follows: TENTS * ITSHOME TENT HIRE: fully equipped (tent 9 x 24m, chairs, rectangle tables, cutlery, plates, glasses, draping, stand and decorations) catering for 250 people – BWP 12Â  000. 00 * MANTLE TENT HIRE fully equipped (tent 9 x 21m, chairs, rectangle tables, cutlery, plates, glasses, draping, stand and decorations) catering for 200 people – BWP 10Â  000. 0 * LOKGWABE HOME BASE CARE: only tent of 5x10m with chairs, rectangle tables, plates, glasses and cutlery : catering for 50 people – BWP 2Â  500. 00 * THATI’S TENT HIRE: only tent of 7 x 15m with Lokgwabe chairs, rectangle tables, plates, glasses, cutlery, draping and decorations; catering for 100 people – BWP 5Â  200. 00 CATERING * ITABENI GUEST HOUSE: Breakfast – P 25. 00 Tea break – P 25. 00 Lunch – P 28. 00 Supper – P28. 00 Bookings for events{placed orders}: Breakfast – P 30. 00 Tea break – P30. 00 Lunch – P40. 00 Supper – P40. 00 * WELCOME RESTURANT: Breakfast – P 27. 00 Tea break – P 25. 00 Lunch – P 30. 00 Supper – P30. 00 Bookings for events{placed orders}: Breakfast – P 35. 00 Tea break – P30. 00 Lunch – P45. 00 Supper – P45. 00 MARKET STRATEGIES I intended to beat other suppliers in the area of my market by providing products / services with affordable prices. I will be maintaining high quality services to retain customers and build a reputation in the market e. g my tents will be having caterings, jumping castles, and gazebos. And also I have designs an arcs that will be decorated in front of tents and also others that will be partitioning inside the tents e,g inside the tent there will be portion for bride and groom maids, for groom ‘s parents, bride’s parents and others. DISTRIBUTIONS I will be delivering the my products/services to my customer where they want it to be e. g if I have catering orders for workshops, rallies, exhibitions, weddings, parties, funerals and meetings. And also tents equipments will be delivered to my customer for events. SUPPLY CHANNELS All tents, catering equipments and landscaping companies will be found in Gaborone and Lobatse. Materials for draping and decoration will be bought in Hukuntsi.. And also grocery for catering will be bought in Hukuntsi. In Hukuntsi there a only two wholesalers and one textile and clothing shop: (Sefalana and Trans and hilda’ clothing and curting for material of decoration and draping). There are two shops of tents in Gaborone: (Funhire and T and T ) and one in Lobatse: (Lobatse canvas). There also two landscaping companies that I found in Gaborone:(Soft rolls and BCD) All my suppliers are reliable. PRICING Tent hiring: * 9 x 37m tent that will be catering for 400 up to 500 people and I it will be BWP 19Â  500. 0 per event * 7 x 15m tent catering for 100 up to 150 people it will be BWP 5Â  800. 00 * 9 x 9m gazebo catering for small events like parties it will be BWP 1Â  500. 00 Catering * Breakfast – P 20. 00 * Tea break – P 20. 00 * Lunch – P 25. 00 * Supper – P25. 00 * Bookings for events{placed orders}: * Breakfast – P 25. 00 * Tea break – P25. 00 * Lunch – P35. 00 * Supper – P35. 00 Garden plot for Photos and video shooting only: Full day: BWP 3Â  500. 00 Half day: BWP 2Â  500. 00 PROMOTION I vigorously market my project by advertising through local channel media i. magazine, newspaper, facebook and also fliers, posters, sign boards, business cards e. tc. When I have a wedding I usually offer them free usher tags, and wedding programmes and I put my contact on the back of the usher tags. I also ask my customer to put me in the programme to advertise my products / services during the event. I maintain a database of customer and their requirements. Excellent services and attention to detail will attract repeat orders. FINANCIAL STRUCTURE FIXED ASSETS DESCRIPTIONS| QUANTITY | COST PER UNIT| TOTAL| Vehicle| 1| | | 7 x 15m tent| 1| | | 9 x 37m tent| 1| | | 9 x 9 m gazebos| 3| | | x 15m green carpet| 1| | | 9 x 37m green carpet| 1| | | 9 x 9m green carpet| 3| | | Red carpet 1. 2m x 40| 1| | | Chairs| 400| | | Round tables| 40| | | Rectangle tables| 20| | | Chair covers| 400| | | Round table covers| 40| | | Rectangle table covers| 20| | | Plates| 400| | | Glasses| 400| | | Knifes| 400| | | Forks| 400| | | Chafing dishes| 20| | | Vases| 40| | | Jugs| 40| | | Serving bowl| 10| | | Industrial stove| 1| | | Deep freezer| 1| | | Fridge| 1| | | Electric heating bucket| 2| | | Steel trays| 10| | | Cooking pots| 10| | | Food containers| 10| | | Fence 100m x 100m plot| | | | landscaping| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | OVERHEADS DESCRIPTIONS| QUANTITY | COST PER UNIT| TOTAL| Petrol: Gaborone to Lokgwabe| 562 km | P | | Rent| Year| P 750. 00| P9Â  000. 00| Salaries / wages| 6 months| P 22Â  600. 00| P 135Â  600. 00| landscaping| | | | Electricity| | | | Water| | | | Total | | | | APPLICANTS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS| QUANTITY | COST PER UNIT| TOTAL| Youth Loan repayment| 5 years| P | P| Water connection| | | | Electricity equipments| -| P 2 696. 33| P 2Â  696. 33| Grocery for catering| -| P 5Â  000. 00| P 5Â  000. 00| TOTAL| P 11Â  700. 00| INTERNAL ANALYSIS STRENG Employ staff who have required skills sets and train them to provide excellent customer services * Capability and capacity to provide in time * Networking base * Knowledge of local market * Self driven, motivated young woman able to adapt very quickly to new situations, conforming to and often surpassing expected standards WEAKNESS * Little bit of market skill * Lack of capital for the production purchases, as it will limit effectively complete the job * * I have staff who have required skills sets and I have trained them to provide excellent customer services EXTERNAL ANALYSIS OPPORTUNITIES * Make a difference and diversify economy Increase in the development budget will mean more project to implement * Creation of employment for the community area * The business must leverage its inherit strengths to capitalize on all potential sales opportunities * Em ploy staff who have required skills sets and train them to provide excellent customer services * Build up a strong reputation of reliability exemplary services and high quality services. * Capability and capacity to provide in time THREATS * New competitors emerging in the vicinity * Customers having financial problems * * * IMPLEMENTATION PLAN DATE| ACTIVITY| RESPONSIBLE PERSON| st and 2nd weekMarch 2012| * Buying all equipment of the project| * Managing director| 3rd and 4th weekMarch2012| * Building fence for garden plot * Prepare sketch plan for kitchen and storeroom * Arrange building material for kitchen and storeroom * Landscaping inspections| * Managing Director * Managing director * Managing director and building construction| 1st and 2nd week April 2012| * Landscaping, paving, planting trees and lawns * Start building storeroom and kitchen| * * Building construction| 3rd and 4th weekApril 2012| * Cleaning up the garden, storeroom and kitchen for inspections * Inspections| * Grounds men and cleaners * | 1st week May 2012| * Arranging equipment in the kitchen and storeroom * Decision making, Pricing,Prepares materials for bookkeeping records,Prepared recipe and schedules for catering | * Stock supply and cookers * Managing director, secretary and accountant| 2nd weekMay 2012| * Business start operating| * All employees| How to cite Small Scale Business Management, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Health Assessment

Question: What is Health Assessment? Answer: Introduction The purpose of this essay is to evaluate and discuss the importance of health assessment from nursing perspective. Health assessment can be considered as the essential tool in the diagnosis and management of diseases in patients. It provides the evidence based approach for the healthcare planning and implementation. Health assessments skills are also known as the most important skills of the nursing professionals. The more accurate is the health assessment, the better outcomes will be obtained. Most of the time patients are hospitalized in acute or severe condition, which require thorough health assessment, so that disease or physical health problem could be identified at the initial stage. Thus essay will discuss the importance of health assessment in relation to adults in hospitals and elderly people in aged care setting. Health assessment is considered as the plan of care, which related to identifying the specific healthcare needs of the patients (Shi, 2012). Health assessment is conducted by the skilled and professional nurses, who evaluate the patients condition by performing physical health assessment. When a patient is admitted to acute care settings or emergency services, the first and foremost concern of the nursing professionals is to ensure patients safety (Shi, 2012). Health assessment helps nurses to identify the problem and ensure that patient is safe. Safety of the patient can only be ensured by assessing the problem that can result in deteriorated condition of patient. Health assessment is the first stage of nursing care. At this stage data about the health status of the patient is collected (Shi, 2012). This data is further used for devising the healthcare plan. Important information and data is collected through various components of health assessment. Physical Health Assessment: Physical health assessment is conducted on the very first stage. Physical health is the most important part that will explain the overall well-being of the patient. It included noting the respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, skin color, body position, temperature, bleeding, speech pattern and consciousness (Jarvis, 2012). Physical health assessment signifies observing the patient and identifying signs of clinical concerns. Patients Medical History: Next stage of health assessment is extracting the information about the past medical history of the patient. It will inform the nurse about past surgeries, chronic illness, ongoing physical problem. Medical history will help to understand the deteriorating condition of patient (Jarvis, 2012). Skin and Neurological Assessment: Skin assessment can be performed on the initial level and throughout the physical examination. Skin assessment is considered to be very important to identify the areas of vulnerability. Neurological assessment is important for identifying past history of any neurological disorder (Jarvis, 2012). Purpose of Health Assessment from Nursing Perspective Health assessment is the very important element of the nursing practice. Health assessment helps nurses to access the physical health condition of the patient and understanding the caring needs as well. Effective health assessment plays an important role in developing nursing care plans and also determines the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Nursing healthcare assessment is based on the nursing perspective, framework and outcomes (Atkinson, 2013). From the perspective of nurses, health assessment works as an efficient tool to determine the physical health condition as well as neurological health condition of a patient. The main emphasis of the assessment is to keep client in context and to apply best practice skills. From nursing perspective is considered as the most critical step, as the data obtained from the assessment and its accuracy will affect all the other phases and stages of nursing (Atkinson, 2013). The quality of the health assessment will impact the quality of care provided to the patient. It is also important for nurses, because it will ensure patients safety and avoid unintentional harms. The relevant data related to patient is collected through various components of assessment. The primary and secondary sources are also essential. For applying evidence based practice, health assessment is very vital from nursing perspective (Weber Kelley, 2013). Physical assessment is the major responsibility of the nurses for providing advanced and efficient clinical practice. Health assessment helps nurses to prepare a comprehensive and focused approach towards patients condition. Assessment also helps in identifying co-morbidities and abnormalities. From the nursing perspective, the purpose of health assessment is to achieve a conclusion about patients health condition. It provides a clinical judgment about patients health condition (Weber Kelley, 2013). Through assessment, nurses are able to implement the interventions for collaborative problems. Collaborative problems are physiological complications that nurse monitor to detect their onset and change in status (Weber Kelley, 2013). The main perspective of the nurses is to offer efficient, safe and quality care to the patient, which is only possible by effective health assessment. Nurse having poor nursing skills and lack of competency can pose serious complication for the patient. Ineffective health assessment and diagnosis can also result in poor outcomes (Kemppainen, Tossavainen, Turunen, 2013). The precision of the health assessment defines the effectiveness of the treatment and interventions. Thus, experience and multi-disciplinary knowledge is important for health assessment. The appropriate assessment also reduces health risks, risk of falls and mortality. Health Assessment of an Adult in a Hospital Health assessment for an adult in a hospital is very important and crucial. Health assessment will help in determining the physical condition and care needs of the adults. The health assessment of the adult will be conducted by monitoring of vital signs. The vital signs are mainly blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, heart rate and level of consciousness. Providing the nursing care to an adult in hospital will require nurses to develop patient satisfaction skills. Adult patients are competent to access their medical treatment information and can also discuss their treatment plan. The sense of rights and autonomy are higher in adult patients. In my opinion their health assessment will require informed consent and participation of patient (if patient is not in severe condition or unconscious). The assessment of patient will also require maintaining respect and dignity of patient. The health assessment and nursing services are required to be client oriented. Health Assessment of an Elderly Patient in Aged Care Facility The health assessment for the elderly patient in aged care setting would require certain skills and expertise. The primary assessment can be done according to the standard rules, but some specific difference would be there. According my opinion, health assessment of the elderly patient will be more focused towards determining the functional ability of the patient. With the heart rate, heart rhythm is also required to be determined. The patient assessment must include information about physical mobility, past medical history, ongoing medication, reaction or adverse effects of any medication, activity for daily life (ADL), falls history, surgery, social support or care giving support and also financial status. Health assessment for elderly people can also include information about being socially isolated, nutritional status and oral health. Conclusion Health assessment is the main element of quality nursing practice. It has been recognized all over the world, as it helps in early diagnosis of disease and physical complications of patients. The essay discussed the definition of health assessment and main purpose of health assessment in nursing practice. Essay also discussed the purpose of health assessment from the nursing perspective with the help of current and relevant literature. Essay provides the details about health assessment for adult patient in hospital and elderly patient in aged care setting, and discussed that how these assessments are done differently. References Atkinson, D. E. B. O. R. A. H. (2013). Nursing observation and assessment of patients in the acute medical unit (Doctoral dissertation, University of Salford). Department of Health. (2014). Health assessment for people aged 75 years and older. Retrieved From: https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/mbsprimarycare_mbsitem_75andolder Jarvis, C. (2012). Physical examination and health assessment, (6th ed). St. Louis: W.B. Saunders. Kemppainen, V., Tossavainen, K., Turunen, H. (2013). Nurses' roles in health promotion practice: an integrative review. Health Promotion International, 28(4), 490-501. Shi, L. (2012). The impact of primary care: a focused review.Scientifica,2012. Weber, J. R., Kelley, J. H. (2013). Health assessment in nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

10 Worst Reasons to Quit Your Job

10 Worst Reasons to Quit Your Job We’ve all been there: so fed up it seems the only option is to quit and start afresh. But situations like that call for very careful consideration. If your reasons for the grand gesture happen to include any of the following, it might be best to reconsider. Here are the 10 worst reasons to quit your job:1. You’re boredYour job involves a lot of repetition. You feel like Sisyphus rolling his boulder up and down his little hill. But any job- no matter how glamorous- involves doing something over and over again until you get better and better at it. Remember every job will involve some level of repetition. Ask yourself whether your work is challenging or ultimately satisfying, rather than whether it’s repetitive.2. You feel under-appreciatedYou know you’re awesome. So why is no one tooting your horn? Where are your accolades? Recognition isn’t something that happens overnight- and it certainly can’t accompany every little good thing that you do. Get over yourself; keep working until you have something really worth celebrating.3. You’re still not rich and famousMost people will never reach that level. It’s not a great reason to quit your job. Perhaps you could do a bit of financial stock-taking and strategizing instead to see how you can maximize your time and talents? But quitting because you’re not raking in the dough? Bad call. You have to work to earn that money, you know.4. You’re dauntedYou can see success. But it’s an uphill slog and about 5  to 10  years in the future. Just thinking about it makes you tired. But remember: if you quit, you’ll be that many years and that much hard work behind plus the time and work it takes to get a new job. Better to put your head down and get started.5. You’re not sure it’s worth itYou’re weighing all the compromises and hard work against the possible eventual reward. That’s actually smart. Just make sure you run this by an objective third party whom you trust enough to tell you the hard truth and help set you (or keep you) on the proper path.6. It’s not about youA little soul searching is in order here. Make sure you’re not quitting for your partner or a parent- or worse, because you want to rebel against someone. Listen to the voice in your head about whether this job is on the right track to who and where you want to be in five years. If it is, stay put and do the work.7. Your inner jerk tells you what to doThat meanie  in your head is whispering to you that it isn’t worth it- that you aren’t good enough. That you might as well not try. Your job sucks and you suck, right? Wrong. Tell that voice to shut up.8. You don’t feel importantThis is like a little kid deciding to run away because he doesn’t think anybody would miss him if he left. It’s emotionally immature and unprofessional. Instead: start distinguishing yourself in such a way that you never feel this kind of self-pity. Make yourself indispensable to your company and your coworkers.9. You covet your neighbor’s careerYou’re not as successful as the billionaires you read about in Forbes. Or your next door neighbor. Or your high school boyfriend. Stop spending so much time comparing yourself to the next guy and do your work instead. You’ll stand a better chance of actually succeeding if you devote yourself to what you’re doing.10. You don’t know enoughMissing a crucial certification or skill that you think your field requires? That’s not a reason to quit! It’s a reason to go out and earn that last scout badge. Go out and finish whatever education you need in your free time- you might even be able to get your company to pay for your training process. If you don’t know something, learn!There are lots of great reasons to quit. But these 10  are actually warning flags that the problem is with you, not wit h your job. Don’t stress. Just get back to work.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Free Essays on War And Society

Keeley’s is attempting to prove that primitive warfare throughout history has been effective and occasionally more successful than civilized methods. Throughout Chapter five of â€Å"War Before Civilization†, evidence is displayed showing the different success rates of primitive warfare compared to its civilized counterpart. Two examples that offer proof to Keeley’s theory are: 1. Julius Caesar’s Roman legion was incapable of conquering England, which was defended by the undisciplined, barbarian hosts of Celts and Germans. Raids and ambush tactics demonstrated by the barbarians deferred a Roman triumph for a century. (A.D.9.) (Pg.72) 2. During the Battle of Little Big Horn, two hundred U.S. soldiers led by Colonel Custer were ambushed and defeated by one thousand and eight hundred Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. (1866) (Pg.73) Certainly, aspects of primitive warfare have had high success rates throughout war and history, yet the majority of Keely’s examples are only of individual battles. The majority of Primitive societies lack the required population, food, and artillery to win the war. Attempting to differentiate the success rate of primitive and civilized warfare is an unattainable task. While particular historical battles have proved the effectiveness of uncivilized warfare, economic and social resources should be considered in every individual case. Keely’s illustrations and examples of past war patterns disprove the myth that primitive societies will always be defeated by civilized armies in time of war. Proving primitive effectiveness is clearly Keely’s aspiration in Chapter Five. (Pg.71) Keely’s various examples from different centuries demonstrate that primitive warfare has occasionally been victorious in opposition to civilized societies.... Free Essays on War And Society Free Essays on War And Society Keeley’s is attempting to prove that primitive warfare throughout history has been effective and occasionally more successful than civilized methods. Throughout Chapter five of â€Å"War Before Civilization†, evidence is displayed showing the different success rates of primitive warfare compared to its civilized counterpart. Two examples that offer proof to Keeley’s theory are: 1. Julius Caesar’s Roman legion was incapable of conquering England, which was defended by the undisciplined, barbarian hosts of Celts and Germans. Raids and ambush tactics demonstrated by the barbarians deferred a Roman triumph for a century. (A.D.9.) (Pg.72) 2. During the Battle of Little Big Horn, two hundred U.S. soldiers led by Colonel Custer were ambushed and defeated by one thousand and eight hundred Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. (1866) (Pg.73) Certainly, aspects of primitive warfare have had high success rates throughout war and history, yet the majority of Keely’s examples are only of individual battles. The majority of Primitive societies lack the required population, food, and artillery to win the war. Attempting to differentiate the success rate of primitive and civilized warfare is an unattainable task. While particular historical battles have proved the effectiveness of uncivilized warfare, economic and social resources should be considered in every individual case. Keely’s illustrations and examples of past war patterns disprove the myth that primitive societies will always be defeated by civilized armies in time of war. Proving primitive effectiveness is clearly Keely’s aspiration in Chapter Five. (Pg.71) Keely’s various examples from different centuries demonstrate that primitive warfare has occasionally been victorious in opposition to civilized societies....

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Different essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Different essays - Essay Example Therefore, they mate with members from a diverse population. Thus, a new species may develop (Alcamo & Schweitzer, 2011). It implies evolution is devoid of have a particular goal that it intends to realize (Simon, 2015). They just evolve meaning they have a capability of changing their structure and reacts on the problems the environment presents at the specific times (Simon, 2015). For evolution to occur, mutation has to take place though it is an extremely slow progression and cannot be rapidly (Simon, 2015). The genes may shift from one population to another and the nonrandom mating may occur quickly but the generic drift occurs by chance randomly. Therefore, it might take a while before this happens. Moreover, selection varies in different genotypes. It may take a while for individuals in a population to be varied (Simon, 2015). Some bacteria have a mutation that makes them possible to survive the penicillin (Simon, 2015). Moreover, the administration of the penicillin changes the environment in which the bacteria reside. The bacteria with resistance genes will survive this new environment. The resistance genes pass over to several generations due to natural selection (Simon, 2015). Due to the usage of penicillin for many generations, the resistant bacteria increase over time. This makes penicillin less effective (Simon,

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Case Study of Human Resources In Business Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Of Human Resources In Business - Case Study Example E.g., The several issue of support, political affairs, turnaround time, etc. The "red tape" a familiar concept deals with a larger organization. Less significant companies are almost certainly going to be inclined towards less ordered factors, such as lack of sustain, budget foresight or lack of budget, inadequate resources, no comprehensible funding to take projects. An additional feature almost and always identified in the smaller companies will be disorganization. A group of that stalk from be deficient in of method for example, is the a good hiring (HR) procedure in place Often not, and that way fresh staff may not be as systematically scrutinized and well-fit to the project or association. as a result, revenue could be elevated. Actually, there can be rise in the environmental factors without difficulty. By analyzing the nook and corner of an organization (or envision a unique situation). suppose "what troubles will be faced in a new environment," and observe the same with the final results. External resources have been used in this structure to symbolize what conventionally are named as suppliers, vendors, associates and joint-ventures, as well as public organisations, authoritarian boards, restricted communities, etc. they are employed to offer products or services necessary to achieve a given chore for the organization. The external environment is â€Å"Conditions, entities, events, and factors surrounding an organization which influence its activities and choices, and determine its opportunities and risks. Also called operating environment.† (External environment, n.d). System of exterior resources has a wider outlook of the supply chain, together with the relations that resources might have which are not openly associated to supply the goods to the organization. Usually, monitoring of external resources on the company was done by the sum of funds spent by purchasing of the product and by identifying the expense

Monday, November 18, 2019

SUmmary for an article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SUmmary for an - Article Example The author describes his own gradual discovery of life-threatening illness, and the implications of this for him on a personal level, and he sets this within the wider context of the human condition generally. The first major insight that the author reports is that he becomes obsessed, in a rather unpleasant way, with his own body and that it is not so much the physical symptoms of disease that affect him, as the psychological ones â€Å"its most profound effect was upon my consciousness, my self-awareness, the way I apprehended and constructed the world and my position in it† (p. 13). Murphy comments on the tendency of clinicians to diagnose psycho-somatic illness when they cannot identify any clear physical cause for the symptoms reported. There is an amusing account of a visit to a psychiatrist, whom the author dismisses with an academic remark about the proposed treatments, and an honest admission of the author’s limited understanding of the field of neurology. Throughout the article the author highlights the euphemistic use of language as a way of trying to reassure people in the face of unwelcome developments, for example â€Å"the unforgivable neologism restructuring† (p. 10) which really means financial cuts, and medical terms like â€Å"obstruction† (p. 17) which really means a tumor. This illustrates one of his main themes, which is the way that sub-groups in society using slanted definitions to pull unwary outsiders into their own mini-world in which power structures privilege the insiders. This insight relates to the theories of Talcott Parsons relating to the so called â€Å"sick role† and Goffman relating to front and back stage behavior, which explain how illness takes over the whole of a person’s life, robbing him or her of freedom and prescribing new rules and a new objective, namely to get well again. The institution imposes a new identity on the patient, and he has to adjust to its expectations. The article ends with some

Friday, November 15, 2019

The Causes Of The Spanish Civil War History Essay

The Causes Of The Spanish Civil War History Essay The Spanish civil war is frequently remembered as a crucial and important moment in the history of Spanish people. To be possible to understand how thousands of persons were killed during this war, it must be ask why the Spanish civil war broke out in first place. In fact, there are five main reasons or causes (fig.1) which almost simultaneously led to the civil war in Spain in 1936. Before the Spanish civil war Spain was ruled by the king but due the great depression that drove the country into an economic collapse and massive unemployment in Spain and as a result the king was forced to abdicate on 14 April 1931 and Spain becomes a republic. The new republic emerges and immediately faced a number of major problems due the current circumstances: Two important regions in Spain wanted independence Catalonia and the Basque region. Had their requests been successful, it would have lead to the breakup of Spain. The Roman Catholic Church was hostile to the republic and the republic was hostile to the highly influential Roman Catholic Church. The government believed that the army had too much say in politics and determined to reduce its influence. Spain was primarily an agricultural nation and the 1930s depression had hit prices for crops. Prime exports such as olive oil and wine fell in value and previously used agricultural land fell into disuse. The little industry that Spain had was also hit by the Depression. Iron and steel were especially hit as no one had the money to pay for the products. Iron production fell by 33% and steel by 50%. Unemployment in both agriculture and industry rose and those in work had to put up with a cut in wages as the economy struggled to survive the Depression. The Republic faced losing the support of those whose support it desperately needed the working class. (http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/causes_spanish_civil_war.htm) There are several versions or way to tell about the Spanish civil war however this essay will focus only in the causes of the Spanish civil war and how theses causes had led to the Spanish civil war. Figure1: The main five causes of the Spanish civil war (http://www.scribd.com/doc/2530517/Causes-of-the-Spanish-Civil-War-Conclusion) The main causes for the beginning of the Spanish Civil War and why these causes had lead Spain into the Spanish civil war The Political Situation in Spain (1931 to 1936). Disparate most of the other countries of Western Europe at that time, the Spain have never completed its revolution. Significant economic and social sectors of the country remained under the control of the feudal classes. In other hand the weak and vacillating bourgeoisie was unsuccessful in take effective measures to insure social and economical progress while the economic and political privileges of the dominant classes were left intact. As a result of this the progress and development of some sectors were suppressed during the 19th century until the situation of 1931. On April 13 of 1931 unsolvable contradictions between the financial, landowning and the popular forces reached the point of rupture and the king was forced to abdicate giving place to the Second Republic. Throughout the year 1932 the working class was divided into social democracy and anarchist tendencies. The communist Party was not sufficiently strong to assert its leadership of the labour movement. (http://www.mltranslations.org/Spain/civilwar.htm) In 1933, in response to the actual situation, during two years, the government unleashed a severe campaign of repression and terror known as the Bienio Negro. Furthermore, in October 1934 the formation of the Popular Front was begun with an extensive popular uprising against the government, especially in Asturias, Madrid and Barcelona (see fig. 2). The formation of the Popular Front had strong Communist support and participation. On 15th January 1936, Manuel Azaà ±a helped to establish a coalition of parties on the political left to fight the national elections taking place on following month. This included the Socialist Party (PSOE), Communist Party (PCE) and the Republican Union Party. The Popular Front, as the coalition became known, advocated the restoration of Catalan autonomy, amnesty for political prisoners, agrarian reform, an end to political blacklists and the payment of damages for property owners who suffered during the revolt of 1934. The Anarchists refused to support the coalition and instead urged people not to vote. (http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/SPelections.htm) In the elections of 1936, the forces of reaction suffered a devastating defeat mainly because its management was weak and vacillating. However, its fatal mistake was to ignore the repeated warnings of the Communist Party in honour the election agreement, the reaction to defeat was not taken quietly. Therefore when Franco attacked on July 18 of 1936, the country was completely unprepared for the attack and the civil war begun. Regional situation (1936 -1939) The regional situation begun much before 1936 however the situation stars to intensify violently in 1921when an army was sent to Spanish Morocco to bring down a rebellion, critics said that was a massacre and that just emphasise how incompetent Spains government was. In the following years, Spain people experienced a new regime when King Alfonso agreed that General Primo de Rivera should take control of Spain. He ruled as a military dictator until 1930. Riveras approach to leadership was fully supported by Alfonso. However, Rivera did not display the classic features of a dictator. He introduced public works schemes building roads and irrigating the land. Industrial production increased by three times from 1923 to1930. Rivera also ended the rebellion in Morocco in 1925. (http://www.lacolumna.org.uk/article_asturian%20uprising.htm) Just after the morocco incident, in 1934the northern province of Asturias arose (Popular Front), not against progress, but for it and against the newly elected right wing government. The Asturias revolt was of enormous significance to the Spanish people. In the first place, it showed the capitalists and land holders that the people were not going to wait further but were going to divide the land and control their jobs. In the second place the Asturias revolt taught the people that to win they would have to expel the government and perform their own laws and traditions. In the third place combating the government make the workers and toilers understand the value of unity in action and the meaning of revolution also gave them great experiences in the art of civil war. The defeat of the workers forced the revolutionary identities to take to parliamentary activity in the next election. Anyway, Asturias was at the time a region with great potential for progress. In fact, Asturias was among the most industrialised areas of Spain in the 1930s just like Catalonia and Basque (see fig.2) which wanted their independence because of the diversity of employment in Asturias, the traditional competitive unions (CNT National Confederation of Labour and the UGT General Union of Employers), represented members in the industries, agriculture and service sectors. They were prepared when the crisis came. Hence, the present government could not allow the country to split out by giving them the independence, these provinces were actually essential for the country progress and development as a whole taking into consideration its industrialization and geographic location, see map below . http://www.lacolumna.org.uk/article_asturian%20uprising.htm In summary such regions were more advanced organizationally and industrially comparing with the rest of the country therefore they wanted the independence not just because of its socio-economic advantage but also to keep their traditions such as benefits (reform), language and habits. Later, the traditional language was prohibited in those acts involving the public administration or the mass media, being only tolerated at some folkloric or clerical activities but in other hand the most important reason was that the people in these regions wanted make themselves free of the oppression and incompetency of the present government and this in fact contributed considerably for the Spanish civil war broke out in 1936. Figure 2: The Spanish map showing the locations of Asturias, Catalonia, and Basque just before the war in 1936 (Frances Lannon, Page 10) Socio-economic situation Not hindering the fact that Spain were already in the middle of political and regional crisis when the World Wide Recession reached Spain the country was upside down, World Wide Recession had led to a dramatic cut in the demand for coal and to reduce costs the mine owners have reduced the wages and employees. Simultaneously, the National Federation of Farm Workers was cut in the agrarian reform and as result became involved in a bloody strike in June 1934. The Civil Guard had been called in to deal with strikes in industrial areas in May and September of the same year. On 1st September an attack on a Socialist Womens meeting by the Civil Guard saw 6 people killed. All this was boiling away and by October the region was ready for revolt. The election of a right wing government and their hostility in relation to reforms was the final straw. (http://www.lacolumna.org.uk/article_asturian%20uprising.htm) The liberal-left alliance which has ruled the first Republican government collapsed. This let in a right wing coalition which included ministers from the extreme CEDA (Confederatià ³n Espanola de Derechas Autà ³nomas) party. On the 3rd October, CEDAs assumption of the Agriculture, Labour and Justice Ministries seemed to point in Fascism by legal means, as elections had done in Germany and Austria. Across Spain attempts at a General Strike faltered and failed. http://www.lacolumna.org.uk/article_asturian%20uprising.htm The historic privileges of the Roman Catholic Church were reduced and Priests are now paid by the Roman Catholic Churchs chest. The government and the Roman Catholic Church were made two separate entities which should be like that since the beginning. Religious education in schools was stopped. Many army officers were made to retire early, the wages of those who worked in industry were increased but they were to be paid by the owners of those industries not by the government. Industries had to deal with the lack of energy resources and the weakness of the domestic Spanish market. They were helped out by protectionist policies, which reduced the competition from foreign products. As in so much of Europe, the popular classes were moulded into an industrial proletariat, living and working in inhuman conditions. (http://www.mltranslations.org/Spain/civilwar.htm) Due to all this circumstances the socio-economic situation could be highlighted as one of the main factors that contribute for beginning of the Spanish civil war, the lack of jobs, the poverty, the political regime and the governments abuse of power let the people more susceptive to create a revolt. Religious situation Accià ³n Nacional traced its ideological lineage to the social Catholic movements initiated in the late nineteenth century by Pope Leo XIII. Originally conceptualized in the Rerum Novarum of 1891, social Catholicism presented itself as an alternative to Socialism, arguing for the peaceful coexistence of capital and labour. It argued in favour of social reforms but rejected class struggle and collectivization in favour of social justice and the extension of property ownership, explaining that cooperation more effectively sustained workers rights. The Catholic political intervention make the social Catholicism became the basis for Catholic movements throughout Europe, most notably in France, Germany, Belgium, and Italy, (Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum, 1891). Azaà ±a believed that the Catholic Church was responsible for Spains backwardness. He defended the elimination of special privileges for the Church on the grounds that Spain had ceased to be Catholic. Azaà ±a was criticized by the Catholic Church for not doing more to stop the burning of religious buildings in May 1931. He controversially remarked that burning of all the convents in Spain was not worth the life of a single Republican. The establishment of the Second Republic 1931 several reforms suggested the loss of wealth and privilege for the wealthy, the church and the army. Example: Agrarian Law 1932 allowed the distribution of all unworked estates over 56 acres to the peasantry; The church and the State was separated, the Jesuit order was expelled (and its assets expropriated), divorce was legalized etc.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦; In the Army 40% of the officer corps was retired, republican officers were appointed and soldiers were now liable to civil law (not as before only military law!). The progressive alliance of Republicans and Socialists were in power 1931 until 1933 when they were replaced by a more conservative government. CEDA (Confederatià ³n Espanola de Derechas Autonomas). CEDA had been established as a reaction to the Republican policies this was the united right. The governments between 1933 and February 1936 tried to slow down and erode the advances that been made the previous years Military situation The victory of fascism in Spain has for the present time blocked the march to socialism. In making this critique, however, we do not mean to demean its great accomplishments. For after all is said and done, the Communist Party of Spain was the soul of the war, the most heroic and self-sacrificing of all the political parties involved. Without its leadership and support the people of Spain would have been crushed in a few weeks and would not have been able to inflict such heavy losses on the fascists. Mao Tsetung has shown that the fact that objective conditions are right does not automatically insure victory. What is needed in addition is the conscious activity of man that is, how the war is directed and carried out. Our national war against fascism was by nature a just war. The Popular Front enjoyed the overwhelming support of the popular masses. Although the international situation was difficult, never has there been such a display of solidarity with any cause. And yet the war was not won. Hence, the logical conclusion is that the conscious activity of the Party was misdirected; that it did not know the proper way to carry on the war. The government tried to attack those it deemed as having too many privileges in society. But by doing this it angered all those sectors in society that had the potential to fight back the military, industrialists, land owners and the Roman Catholic Church. These four (potentially very powerful bodies) were unwilling to support the republican government in Madrid. They were also aware that there were countries in Europe that would be willing to give support to their plight as many nations in Europe were scared of communism and Stalins Russia. Fascist Italy under Mussolini would be an obvious ally as would Germany once Hitler had got power in January 1933. In January 1932, a number of army officers tried to overthrow the government lead by Manuel Azana, the prime minister. The attempt was unsuccessful as the army, for now, was loyal to the government after all, it had won the elections fairly and, therefore, had legitimacy. However, a new political party was formed called the Ceda. This was a right wing party dedicated to protecting the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and landlords. The government of Azana, having lost support from the right, also lost support from the left. Two powerful left wing political parties, the anarchists and syndicalists (powerful trade union groups), felt that Azanas government was too middle of the road. Both wanted a more communistic state and the overthrow of capitalism. Above all, Azana was despised for forming a political union with the middle ground in Spains political life. He was deemed to have betrayed the working class. The extreme left organised strikes and riots in an effort to destabilise the government of Azana. Matters came to a head when in January 1933, 25 people were killed by government troops who were attempting to catch some anarchists near Cadiz. This lost the government a great deal of support among the working class and the socialists withdrew their support from the government. Azana resigned as prime minister and elections were called for November 1933. In this election, the right wing won a majority of support and the largest party in the parliament (known as the Cortes), was the Ceda lead by Gil Robles. The new right wing government immediately over-turned all of the changes brought in by the Azana government. This angered many but especially the Catalans who had their privileges withdrawn. This was a serious error of judgement as the Catalans and Basques had supported the government in the elections. The way ahead for Robles became clear to many an attack on the left wing parties of Spain. It forced the many parties of the left to come together to form the Popular Front. They organised strikes, riots and took part in acts of violence such as derailing main line trains. In 1934 there was a general strike. Coal miners in the Asturias went on strike but were ruthlessly put down by the army lead by General Franco. Spain appeared to be heading for all out chaos. In a last minute attempt to avoid serious trouble, a general election was called for February 1936. In this election, the Popular Front won and Azana, once again became prime minister. However, the government of the Popular Front was a farce after the socialists withdrew their support from it; more and more public disturbances occurred and the government had clearly lost control of Spain. In July 1936, a leading right wing politician, Sotelo, was murdered and the right wing politicians and their supporters believed that they were now in serious danger. They wanted to put their faith in a military dictatorship. The military had, in fact, already made preparations for a takeover of Spain. General Franco assumed control of the military. He took control of Spanish Morocco after overthrowing the civilian government there. His next target was to invade mainland Spain, establish a military government there and rid the country of all those involved in left wing politics. The left would have to fight for survival. The civil war started in July 1936. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/causes_spanish_civil_war.htm The emergence and ideological characteristics of Basque and Catalan nationalism in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Spain are a dramatic expression of conflict between modernity and tradition in the ethnically heterogeneous Spanish state. Confirming Nairs theory of peripheral nationalism, uneven development in Spain during the nineteenth century overlapped with spatially delimited ethnic communities, Catalans and Basques, thus enhancing their ethnic identity and facilitating the expression of class conflict in nationalist terms. However, the social bases and the ideologies of peripheral nationalism in each region eventually came to reflect the different patterns of development that they experienced and the relative economic power of their capitalist à ©lites. These structural factors shaped the Basque and Catalan nationalist movements through their influence on class conflict and class alliances within the Basque Country and Catalonia, as well as conflict and alliances b etween these classes and the Spanish state. Of course, differences between Basque and Catalan nationalism cannot be explained in purely structural terms. The developmental factors I have outlined in this article helped to reproduce longer-term cultural and economic processes, which had progressively defined the cultural identity of the upper classes in Catalonia and the Basque Country. Describing and explaining this process, however, exceeds the objectives set for this article. This comparison of Basque and Catalan nationalism shows that overdevelopment does not necessarily lead to bourgeois or other pro industrialization nationalistic ideologies. In particular he Basque case illustrates that, as long as the leading classes of overdeveloped regions are able to influence state political and economic decisions, they will refrain from the formulation of nationalist programs. Moreover, the Basque case shows that in the analysis of peripheral nationalism, scholars should focus simultaneously on the relationships established between the different social classes in the peripheral community and the central state and on those established between classes within the peripheral community. In 1936, the main part of the Christian democrat PNV sided with the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War. The promise of autonomy was valued over the ideological differences, especially on the religious matter, and PNV decided to support the republican legal government, including member of the Popular Front. Autonomy was granted in October 1936. A republican autonomous Basque government was created, with Josà © Antonio Agirre (PNV) as Lehendakari (president) and ministers from the PNV and other republican parties (mainly leftist Spanish parties). conclusion The Spanish Civil War contributed to bringing about the Second World War most historians argue that the Spanish Civil War was the prelude to the Second World War. Though A.J.P. Taylor, a famous revisionist, has a different opinion (in his classic book The Origins of the Second World War) he argues that the Spanish Civil War was without significant effect in causing the Second World War. He also criticizes the Anglo-French appeasement policy British and French policy, or lack of it, not the policy of Hitler and Mussolini, decided the outcome of the Spanish civil war. The republic had greater recourses, greater popular backing. It could win if it received the correct treatment to which it was entitled by international law: foreign arms for the legitimate government, none for the rebels. It could even win if both sides received foreign aid, or if both were denied it.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Shooting an Elephant Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"Shooting an Elephant†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was not comfortable with many aspects of this story. The prejudice throughout the book was unimaginable, I find I am uncomfortable with any kind of bigotry. Reading of the Burmese people and their disrespect toward someone who was there to â€Å"protect and serve†, was difficult. I suppose I am naà ¯ve, I try to hold on to the belief that people of God are inherently good. I know there are bad apples in all walks of life, bad people are everywhere so holding on to this optimism is harder each day. This story wasn’t like that, this was a blatant attitude of prejudice for sport, ignorance, and peer pressure. I found it very hard to embrace. Story or not, it was and is deeply disturbing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea ...